　　Forged bronze relief has a history of thousands of years. It mainly utilizes the ductility of copper and is carved. Forged bronze relief is unique and exquisite, with high aesthetic value.

　　The production of forged bronze relief is a very delicate process. In this process, there are three indispensable elements: fire, hammer, and chisel. Small forged bronze crafts or local processing of large reliefs can use high-temperature heating generated by oxygen and acetylene. Large works require furnace fire and forced air heating. The heated copper plate should be hammered flat with a leather hammer. A mixture of rosin and soil in appropriate proportions is melted in a container and poured onto a workbench with a 3-5 cm high edge around it to fix the heated copper plate. This method is more solid and has a better hammering and chiseling feel than the initial sandbag method. The use of hammers and chisels is the key to the entire forging process, which is why forging is also known as chiseling. Each forging master has hundreds of chisels of various shapes. On the copper plate, these chisels are used to outline the undulating lines, which is called "walking lines." It takes several years of practice to quickly and accurately follow the drawings, especially for key parts such as facial features. Large forged bronze works require the cooperation and collective creation of multiple forging craftsmen. Some processes require the craftsmen to cooperate very tacitly. For example, sometimes the copper plate needs to be hung up, and the forging masters work on both sides of the copper plate at the same time to achieve perfect lines. Finally, some post-processing is done.

　　Therefore, the production process of forged bronze relief is very delicate. It is precisely because of this delicate process that we can see exquisite relief crafts.

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Lost-wax casting

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